The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.